During anti-gravity scapular abduction, in which direction is the resistance applied?

During anti-gravity scapular abduction, in which direction is the resistance applied?

• A. Downward
• B. Upward
• C. Forward
• D. Lateral

Answer: (A)

When testing anti-gravity scapular abduction, you challenge the muscles that pull the scapula forward (protraction) as the arm is raised. Gravity tends to pull the arm and shoulder complex downward, so applying resistance in the downward direction on the arm places the demand on the scapular protractors (like the serratus anterior) to work to maintain the position. In this setup, the examiner’s downward force makes the patient generate more force to lift and hold the scapula in protraction against both gravity and the added load. Resistance in other directions wouldn’t adequately oppose the protraction movement or would not line up with the way the scapular muscles stabilize the shoulder during elevation.

When testing anti-gravity scapular abduction, you challenge the muscles that pull the scapula forward (protraction) as the arm is raised. Gravity tends to pull the arm and shoulder complex downward, so applying resistance in the downward direction on the arm places the demand on the scapular protractors (like the serratus anterior) to work to maintain the position. In this setup, the examiner’s downward force makes the patient generate more force to lift and hold the scapula in protraction against both gravity and the added load. Resistance in other directions wouldn’t adequately oppose the protraction movement or would not line up with the way the scapular muscles stabilize the shoulder during elevation.